Sample collection for anti-doping tests can be stressful, especially if you're experiencing it for the first time. Many athletes feel uncertain about what to expect and what rights they have during the process. At Global Sports Advocates, our international anti-doping lawyers help athletes understand and assert their rights during doping control procedures, ensure they remain compliant with testing requirements, and protect their ability to compete when accused of a potential rule violation.
How the Sample Collection Process Works
A doping control officer (DCO) must notify you that you've been selected for testing. The DCO must explain the sample collection procedure and provide you with documentation detailing your rights.
Sample collection may involve providing urine samples, blood samples, or both. For urine samples, you'll need to provide the required volume under direct observation. For blood samples, a qualified phlebotomist will draw the required amount. Collecting both A and B samples is an important safeguard in the event of an adverse analytical finding.
In-competition testing typically occurs immediately after performance or during an event. You have the right to complete your medal ceremony, press commitments, or medical treatment before reporting to the doping control station.
Team sport athletes may face additional considerations during testing. When multiple team members are selected for testing after a competition, you have the right to coordinate with team officials to ensure testing doesn't interfere with post-game responsibilities or team travel arrangements.
Out-of-competition testing can occur at any time, including early morning or late evening. If you're selected for testing at home or during training, you have the right to a reasonable amount of time to complete essential activities before reporting to the DCO. This might include changing clothes, making urgent phone calls, or attending to children in your care.
Your Rights During Notification and Sample Collection
You have the right to have a representative present during the entire sample collection process. This person can observe the procedures and help ensure your rights are respected. You also have the right to:
- Complete training or cool-down activities before reporting to the doping control station
- Request modifications to the procedure if you have a disability or impairment
- View the DCO's credentials and verify their authority
- Choose from a selection of sealed sample collection equipment
- Record any concerns about the process on the doping control form
If you're a minor or have an impairment that affects your ability to understand or comply with testing procedures, you're entitled to additional accommodations as a Protected Person. For example, persons under age 18 have the right to clear and age-appropriate communication about the testing procedures as well as a requirement to obtain consent from both the athlete and their representative before proceeding with sample collection.
Your Right to Protect Your Privacy
Sample collection involves handling sensitive personal information and biological materials. The DCO and other testing personnel must maintain strict confidentiality about your testing.
You have the right to:
- Provide samples in a private facility away from public view
- Have testing personnel of the same gender for direct observation
- Ensure your medical information remains confidential
- Know how your sample and data will be used and stored
- Access your testing records through ADAMS (Anti-Doping Administration & Management System)
Anti-doping organizations must comply with international privacy standards when handling your information. This includes limiting access to your data, securing sample transportation, and protecting your identity during results management.
Your Right to Protect the Integrity of the Process
The DCO must explain each step of the process and answer any questions you have. You have the right to ask for clarification at any point. However, provided you have been properly notified, refusing or failing to comply with sample collection without compelling justification could constitute an anti-doping rule violation.
The DCO must ensure proper sealing and labeling of your samples. You have the right to observe this process and verify that your sample code numbers are correctly recorded on all documentation.
You should carefully review all documentation before signing the doping control form. Make sure all information is accurate and that any concerns or irregularities during the process are documented. You'll receive a copy of the completed form for your records.